IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


I.I 


I^IZB     12.5 
*^  ^   12.2 


us 


a4.o 


■ml 


2.0 


m 


1.25 

li'-M'-6 

< 

6" 

► 

•^  > 


^: 


f»> 


fS' 


>^ 


y^ 


'^ 


7 


Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporatton 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  M5S0 

(716)  872-4S03 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHIVI/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notas/Notes  tachniquas  at  bibliographiquas 


The 
toti 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


D 


D 


D 

D 


D 
D 


D 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


I      I   Covers  damaged/ 


Couverture  endommagie 


Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaurie  et/ou  pelliculie 


I      I    Cover  title  missing/ 


Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


Coloured  maps/ 

Cartas  giographiques  en  couleur 

Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


I      I   Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 


D 


Planches  et/ou  illustrations  an  couleur 


Bound  with  other  material/ 
ReliA  avac  d'autras  documents 


Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  re  liure  serrde  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  intirieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  ae  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajouties 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte. 
mais,  lorsque  cela  Atait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  6t6  filmtes. 

Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  suppl6mentaires: 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  ix6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sent  peut-Atre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite.  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  mithoda  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiquAs  ci-dessous. 


I     j   Coloured  pages/ 


n 


Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommag^es 

Pages  restored  and/oi 

Pages  restauries  et/ou  pelliculdes 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxe< 
Pages  ddcolories,  tachet^es  ou  piqudes 

Pages  detached/ 
Pages  ditach^es 

Showthroughy 
Transparence 

Quality  of  prir 

Qualiti  in^gale  de  ('impression 

Includes  supplementary  materia 
Comprend  du  matdriei  suppl^mentaire 

Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 


r~~|   Pages  damaged/ 

I      ^1    Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 

I    >^Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 

I     I   Pages  detached/ 

r~~|/  Showthrough/ 

I      I    Quality  of  print  varies/ 

r~1    Includes  supplementary  material/ 

I     I   Only  edition  available/ 


The 
pos 
oft 
film 


Ori( 
beg 
the 
sior 
oth( 
first 
sior 
oril 


The 
sha 
TIN 
whi 

Mai 
diff 
enti 
beg 
righ 
reqi 
met 


Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc..  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  Image/ 
Les  pages  totalemant  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  6t6  film6es  d  nouveau  de  faqon  A 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  fiimi  au  taux  de  reduction  indiquA  ci-dessous. 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

30X 

7 

12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


'^^i§tW 


The  copy  filmad  hare  has  been  reproduced  thanke 
to  the  generosity  of: 

Library  of  the  Pubiic 
Archives  of  Canada 


L'exempiaire  fiimA  fut  reproduit  grice  k  la 
ginArositA  de: 

La  bibliothAque  des  Archives 
publiques  du  Canada 


The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Les  images  sulvantes  ont  At*  reproduites  avec  ie 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  ia  condition  at 
de  la  nettetA  de  l'exempiaire  film*,  et  en 
conformity  avec  ies  conditions  du  contrat  de 
fllmage. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  Impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


Les  exemplalras  originaux  dont  ia  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprlmte  sont  fllmfo  en  commenpant 
par  la  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  solt  par  la 
dernlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'lllustration,  solt  par  ie  second 
plat,  selon  Ie  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  fiimte  en  commenpant  par  la 
premiAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'iliustratlon  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — ^-  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 


Un  des  symboles  sulvants  apparaltra  sur  la 
dernlAre  Image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  Ie 
cas:  ie  symbols  — »-  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  Ie 
symbols  V  signifie  "FIN". 


Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  dtre 
fllmfo  it  des  taux  da  reduction  diff6rents. 
Lorsque  Ie  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Atre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  ciichA,  11  est  fllmA  A  partir 
de  I'angie  supArieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  Ie  nombre 
d'Images  nAcessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
iiiustrent  la  m6thode. 


i    ^ 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

MI 


"Tu 


METRA   HORATIANa" 


OR  THE 


HEtXUCAI.  SYSTEMS  OF  HORACK'. 


ff 


METRA    HORATIANA 


OR   THE 


ETRICAL   SYSTEMS  OF   HORACE 


ARRANGED  OS  A  NEW  AND  SIMPLIFIED  FLAN. 


BY  THE  REV.  F.    J.  LUNDY,  S.  C.  L. 

Cate  scholar  of  university  college,  oxford,  and  head 
master  or  the  quebec  classical  school. 


*''.  I 


"  Scandere  qui  nescis,  versiculos  laceras." 

Claudian.  Epig.  Si8. 


BURLINGTON,  Vt. 

CHAUNCEY    GOODRICH 


1838. 


>»**v-  "V'lM... 


0) 


UNIVERSITY   PRESS 
H.  JOHNSON  k  Co. 


ject  on 
eniertu 

lion;  J 
very  it 
loo  ha 


PREFACE. 


[n  bringing  this  little  work  before  tlie  public,  the  author 

■has  chiefly  in  view  the  advancement  of  his  own  pupils. 

iFor  this  system  of  arranging  the  Metres  in  which  the 

IVenusian  bard  has  written,  he  is  mainly  indebted  to 

the  Reverend  James  Charnock,  M.  A.,  Fellow  of 

.■  University  College,  Oxford,  and  Head  Master  of  the 

I  Bishopton  Close  School,  Yorkshire.;  in  a  due  appreci- 

'l  ation  of  whose  valuable  instruction,  he  trusts  he  will 

-  never  be  found  wanting. 

i  Whatever  will  be  instrumental  in  simplifying  a  sub- 
ject on  which  so  many  and  various  opinions  have  been 
enierUined,  cannot  be  deemed  a  superfluous  publica- 
tion ;  and  to  the  mind  of  an  enlightened  Scholar,  the 
very  idea  of  setting  all  metrical  rules  at  defiance,  is 
loo  barbarous  to  need  any  comment. 
Quebec,  Sept.  IIM,  1838. 


CHAPTER  I. 


On  the  Feet, 


§  1 .  The  term  foot,  as  used  in  poetry,  is  taken  meta- 
phorically from  dancing,  where  the  foot  is  raised  in 
slow  or  quick  time,  which  is  imitated  in  Metre  by  long 
or  short  quantity. 

a.  There  are  four  kinds  of  dissyllabic  feet. 

1 .  The  FyrrhiCf  composed  of  two  short  syllables, 
as  Deus. 

The  name  is  derived  from  the  famous  Pyrrhic  dance, 
which  was  performed  to  a  quick  and  lively  measure. 

2.  The  Spondee  is  composed  of  two  long  syllables, 
as  audax. 

It  is  so  called  because  it  was  used  ^v  <rajg  tf-jrov^aif,  in 
the  formula  of  the  sacred  rites,  ou  account  of  its  sol- 
emn and  majestic  sound. 

3.  The  ^Iambus  has  its  first  syllable  short,  its  last 
long,  as  tenax. 

It  is  so  named  from  the  word  Jolittu,  to  abuse  ;  for 
Arcliilochus,  the  inventor  of  Iambic  metre,  applied  it 


I 


1  "  Syllaba  longa   brevi  subjecta  vocatur  Iambu« 
Pen  citus."  Horace  Epia.  ad  Pisonea,  251. 


tity. 
I      Th4 
people 

4     3. 

the  na 
long  a 
and  tv 

4. 
the  fo 

5. 
hymr 

6. 
verse 


Pi  son 

Le 

from 


aken  meta- 
s  raised  in 
tre  by  long 


!t. 

:  syllables,   ' 

liic  dance, 
iieasure.      f 
;  syllables, 

'•fov^aif,  in 
of  its  sol- 

ft,  its  last 

)use;  for 
ipplied  it 


te  severe  satire,  and  by  Iambic  is  sometimes  meant  sat- 
irical verses.  1 

4.  The  Trochee  (the  converse  of  the  Iambus,)  has 
ifec  first  syllable  long,  and  its  last  Short,  as  mensa. 

It  is  so  named  from    rf>6  en,  to  run.     Others  rail  it 
a  Choree,  from  its  being  used  in  the  chorus  and  dance. 

/3.  Trisyllabic  feet  are  of  eight  kinds. 

I.  The  Tribrach,  aslegiie,  so  called  from  its  quan- 
tity. 

The  Molossus,  mirari,  named  from  the  Molossi,  a 

.   people  of  Epirus,  who  patronized  it. 

^       3.  The  Dactyl,  omnia.     AaxTuXof,  a  finger,  gives 

the  name   to  this  foot ;  for  the  finger  is  made, of  one 

long  and  two  short  joints,  as  the  dactyl  of  one  Jong 

and  two  short  syllables. 

4.  The  Anapaest f  domini,   from  dva-jraisiv,  because 
the  foot  is  struck  in  contrary  measure  to  the  dactyl. 
1        5.  The    Bacchic,  -egesias,   used   in   Dithyrambic 
hymns  in  honor  of  Bacchus. 

Q.  The  Andbacchic  or  Palimhacchic,  is  the  con- 
verse of  the  Bacchic,  cantaie. 


»  "€)  <nn<re  pulchrA  filia  piilchrior,  * 

Qunni  criminosis  cunqiie  vttles  inoduip 
Donos  lainbis."     Horace  Od.  Lib.  I.  16. 
**  Archilochuin  proprio  rubies  nrmuvit  lainbo.^'IIor.  Episi.  ad 
Pisones,  79* 

Lennep  mukcH  it  the  same  with  ''ta^og,nnd  deduces  this  last 
from   •u!' ,  the  same  as  *ic'»,  **  to  throw  at.'' 

1* 


G 

7.  Tho  Cretic^  casiitag.  It  was  cither  invented  or 
much  usf'd  by  the  Cretans. 

8.  Tlie  Amphibrachy  amare.  It  was  also  called 
Scolins,  from  its  use  in  Scolia,  catches  or  drinking  songs. 

y.  Tetrasyilabic  or  compound  feet*  are  of  sixteen 
kinds. 

1.  Tlie  P/oce/f?«wfl^iV,  composed  of  two  Pyrrhics, 
as  hominibiis.  It  is  so  called  from  xiXsurTjULa,  the  word 
of  command  given  to  sailors  and  soldiers,  probably  in 
double  quick  lime. 

2.  The  DispoiideCf  iiiterrumpt'ns,  composed  of  two 
Spondnps. 

.3.  The  ChoriambuSf  interimens,  composed  of  a 
Choree  and  Iambus. 

4.  Tiie  AntispastuSf  inardescit,  of  an  Iambus  and 
a  Choree.  It  is  so  called  from  avrldiratfTog^  "  drawn  in 
a  contrary  direction,"  i.  e.  to  the  Choriambus. 

5.  The  Viiambus,  or  Iambic  syzygy,  ama?nitas,  coni- 
))osed  of  two  Iambi. 

6.  The  Ditrochee, or  Trochaic  syzygy,  comprobare, 
composed  of  two  Trochees. 

7.  The  Ionic  a  majore,  cantabimus,  composed  of  a 
Spondee  and  a  Pyrrhic.  It  was  a  favorite  foot  of  the 
lonians,  and  is  called  a  majore,  from  its  beginning  with 
long  syllables. 


1  "  Q,uidqiiid  onim  suprA  tres  sylhibafi  habet,  id  est  pluribus 
t>\  pedibus.''    Quintiliaa,  9.  4. 


8.  The  Ionic  a  minor e,  gen*r6si,  composed  of  a 
■Pyrrhic  and  a  spondee.  It  was  called  a  minore  from 
its  hei^inning  with  short  syllables. 

The  Epiirite  is  of  four  kinds.  The  origin  of  the 
name  is  doubtful ;  grammarians  say  it  is  so  called  be- 
cause it  has  three  constant  long  syllables,  and  rpr<rov, 
"  a  third  short  one,"  i^m,    **  in  addition  to  these." 

9.  First  Epitrite,  salutantes,  composed  of  an  Iam- 
bus and  a  Spondee. 

10.  Second  Epitritej  comprobabant,  of  a  Trochee 
and  a  Spondee. 

11.  Third  EpiiritCf  deponi^res,  of  a  Spondee  and 
an  Iambus. 

1*2.  Fourth  EpitritCy  incantarc,  of  a  Spondee  and 
Trochee. 

The  Preon  is  also  of  four  kinds.  It  is  so  named 
from  its  introduction  into  Paeonic  hvmns. 

13.  First  P^ow,  conf  icfire,  of  a  Trochee  and  Pyrr- 
hic. 

14.  Second  Paon,  poeticus,  of  an  Iambus  and 
Pyrrhic. 

15.  Third  Paon,  manifestus,  of  a  Pyrrhic  and 
Trochee. 

16.  Fourth  Paonj  cel^riias,  of  a  Pyrrhic  and 
Iambus. 

5.  Of  Quinquesyllabic  feet  there  is  only  one  kind : 
viz,  the  Vochmiusj  d^erravfirant,  composed  of  an  Iam- 
bus and  a  Cretic. 


I 

5 


8 


■'i; 


By  the  arrangement  of  feet  according  to  certain 
laws,  a  verse  is  produced  ;  and  the  art  of  arranging 
them  is  called  scanning,  from  scanJo,  to  climb. 

The  only  metrical  feet  used  by  Horace  are  the 
Iambus,  Trochee,  Spondee,  Dactyl,  Anapaest,  Bac- 
chius,  Choriambus,  Antispastus,  Ionic  a  minore.  Sec- 
ond and  Fourth  Epiirites. 

§  2.  There  are  terms  belonging  to  the  complete  or 
incomplete  state  of  a  verse  tliat  require  explanation. 

A  verse  is  called  Acatahctic,  wh^n  no  syllable  is 
redundant  or  defective. 

CataleciiCf  when  it  is  deficient  by  a  syllable. 

Brachycaialectic,  when  a  whole  foot  is  wanted  to 
complete  it. 

Hyper catalcctic,  when  it  has  one  or  two  syllables 
more  than  the  metre  requires. 

A  Metre  generally  signifies  a  combination  of  two 
feet;  except  in  Dactylic -verse,  and  in  the  verses  com- 
posed of  double  or  compound  feet,  when  one  foot  con- 
stitutes a  metre. 

A  Mononieter  is  a  verse  consisting  of  one  metre, 
Dimeter  of  two,  Trimeter  of  three,  Tetrameter  of  four, 
Pentameter  of  five.  Hexameter  of  six,  Heptameter  of 
seven. 

Verses  are  also  named  from  the  inventor  of  them, 
and  sometimes  from  the  names  of  those  Poets  who 
were  most  in  the  habit  of  composing  in  them  :  thus 


some  are  called  Sapphic,  because  invented  by  the  Greek 
Poetess,  Sappho ;  others  Asclepiad,  because  invented 
by  the  Poet  Asclepiades ;  others  again,  Aristophanic, 
Alcaic,  Glyconic,  &;c.  &£C. 


CHAPTER  II. 


§  1.  The  different  kinds  of  verse  used  by  Horace 
are  twenty. 

Of  Antispastic*  there  are  four  kinds. 

1.  The  Dimeter  CaiaUciiCf  composed  of  the  fourth 
Cpritrite  and  a  Bacchius,  as, 

Grato  Pyrrha  (  sub  antro  :  callod  Pherecratian. 

2.  The   Dimeter  Acatahctic,  composed  of  tho 
Epitrite  and  a  Diiambus,  as 

Sic  te  Div5  |  potens  C^pri :   Glyconic. 

3.  The    Trimeter  AcataleciiCj  composed  of  the 
fourth  Epitrite,  an  Anlispastus,  and  a  Diiambus,  as 

Maecenas  a|tavls  edi|tg  regibQs  ;  Asclepiad  minor. 

4.  The  Tetrameter  Acatalectic,  composed  of  the 
fourth  Epitrite,,  two  Antispasti,  and  a  Diiambus,  as 

Ta  ne  queesi|grisscirg  |  nefks  qu€m  ini|hi  qu£m  tlbi :  Asclepiad 
Major. 

^  2.  Of  Clioriambic  verse  there  are  four  kinds. 


1  The  Acatalectic  A ntispaatic  verses  always  begin  with  tho 
fourth  Epitrite,  and  end  with  the  Diiambus ;  and  ail  the  feet 
between  are  pure  Antispasti. 


11 


the 


I 


1.  The  Manometer  HypercatalcctiCf  composed  of 
a  Choriambus  and  a  redundant  syllable,  as, 

Terriilt  nis-jf        :  Adonic. 

2.  The  Dimeter  Cataledicy  composed  of  a  Chori-' 
ambus  and  a  Bacchius,  as, 

Lfdi&  die  I  pSr  opn€s  :  Aristophanic. 

3.  the  Trimeter  CatalectiCy  composed  of  the  sec- 
ond Epitrite,  a  Choriambus  and  a  Bacchius,  as, 

Jam  satis  ter|rls  nivis  atjqug  dirae :  Sapphic. 

4.  The  Tetrameter  Catalectic,  composed  of  the 
second  Epitrite,  two  Choriambi  and  a  Bacchius,  as, 

Te  D6os  o|ro  S^barln  |  cur  propgres  |5mand6  :  Sapphic. 

§  3,  Of  Iambic  verse  there  are  four  kinds. 
1.    The  Dimeter  Acatalectie,  composed  of  four 
feet,  properly  all  Iambi,  as,. 

P6ran|xTt  hoc  |  Ia|sdnem-:   Archilochian. 

It  admits,  however,  of  considerable  variations,  and 
Horace  much  more  frequently  employs  a  Spondee  than 
any  other  foot  in  the  third  place. 

The  scale  of  this  metre  is  as  follows  ; 
12  3  4 

—  I        I  —  I      I 

w  w  —  J  I  ^  w  —  I  j 


■L  a 


■.1  ;■ 


II' 


ii' 


12 


The  following  lines  from  the  Epodes  will  illustrate 
the  scale  : 

Vide  I  re  pr6pe|iantesi  |  domain  | 
Canidl|a  trac|tavit  |  d^pCs  | 
CanTdi|a  rri|dens  pOlllicem  I 

5i.  The  ^Dimeter  Hypercatahciic,  which  is  the  Di- 
meter Acatalectic  with  a  redundant  s)'llable,  as, 

Rede|gTtad  |  veros  ]  timd|res  :  Archilochian. 

3.  The  Trimeter  Acatalectic,  (or  Senarius,)  con- 
sists of  six  feet,  which  are  properly  all  pure  Iambi, 

The  pure  Iambic,  however,  is  rarely  found  ;  and  in 
order  to  give  the  verse  more  weight,  the  ^Spondee  was 
admitted  into  the  odd  places,  viz.  1st,  3d,  and  5th,  and 
for  the  Iambus,  the  Tribrach  is  sometimes  substituted, 
in  every  place  except  the  last.  In  place  of  a  Spon- 
dee was  substituted  a  Dactyl  or  an  Anapaest. 

The  scale  of  the  Senarius  is  as  follows : 
•12  3  4  5  6 


I 


1 


I 


I 


I 


1  In  this  kind  of  verse  Horace  always  has  the  third  foot  a  Spon- 
dee ;  for  the  line  which,  in  the  common  editions,  runs  thus : 
Disjecjta  non  |  Igvi  (  ruljna  |  is  more  correctly  read  with  lenl  in 
the  place  of  Igvi. 

2  *• non  itJi  pridem 

Tardior  ut  paulo  graviorque  veniret  ad  aures 
SpondeoB  stabiles  in  jura  paterna  recepit." 

Hor.  Epis.  ad  Pisones,  254. 


i;, 


i! 


13 


h- 


The  Trimeter  Catahclic  is  the  Senarius,  wantinjr 
the  final  syllable.  It  consists  of  five  feet,  properly  all 
Iambi,  followed  by  a  Catalectic  syllable,  as, 

Vdca|tiis,  atjque  nun  |  m5ra|ttis,  au|dit  :  Archilochian. 

Like  the  common  Trimeter,  it  admits  the  Spondee 
into  the  first  and  third  places  ;  but  not  into  the  fifth  ; 
which  would  render  the  verses  too  heavy  and  prosaic. 

<§>  4.  Of  Dactylic  verse  there  are  three  kinds. 

1.  The  Hexameter  Acatalectic  consists  of  six  feet ; 
the  four  first  being  Dactyls  or  Spondees,  the  fifth  a 
Dactyl,  and  the  sixth  a  Spondee  ;  as, 

Laudajbunt  ali|i  cla|ram  Rhodon  |  aut  Mitjrl^enen  :  Heroic. 

Sometimes,  however,  in  solemn,  majestic,  or  mourn- 
ful descriptions,  or  in  expressing  terror  or  astonishment, 
a  Spondee  is  admitted  into  the  fifth  loot,  and  the  verse 
is  then  called  Spondaic. 

2.  The  Tetrameter  Acatahctic  consists  of  four 
feet ;  the  two  first  being  Dactyls  or  Spondees,  the 
third  a  Dactyl  and  the  fourth  a  Spondee,  as 

Aut  Eph&jsQm,  bimalrlsvg  C6|rlnthi :  Heroic. 

Sometimes,  as  in  the  Hexameter,  a  Spondee  oc- 
cupies the  third  place,  in  which  case  the  preceding 
foot  should  be  a  Dactyl ;  as, 

Mgnso|rem  c6hi|bent  Arjchyta| 

3.  The  Trimeter  Catalectic  consits  of  the  first  two 
feet  and  a  half  of  a  Hexameter ;  as, 

Arborilbasqtle  c6|tn8e :  Arcliilochian. 

2 


'i  i 


i:| 


Hii- 


14 

§  5.  Of  Trochaic  verse  there  is  only  one  kind,  vizv 
The  Dimeter  Cataleciicy  consisting  of  three  feet, 
properly  all  Trochees,  and  a  Catalectic  syllable ;  as, 

Non  6{barne|quo  aurtijuni :  Euripidean. 

The  Spondee  and  Dactyl  are  sometimes  admitted 
into  the  second  place. 

«^  6.  Of  Ionic  ct  minore  verse,  there  is  one  kind ; 

viz.  The  Tetrameter  Acatalectic,  consisting  of  iour 

feet,  all  Ionic?  a  minore  ;  as, 

Misgrarum  estj  neque  amorl  [  dare  ludum  (  n6que  dulci:  Stoadic. 

The  tfuva(peia,  or  continuous  scansion,  prevails  in  this 
kind  of  verse  ;  i.  e.  the  last  syllable  of  each  verse  is 
not  common,  but  has  its  quantity  subject  to  the  same 
restrictions  as  if  the  foot  to  which  it  belongs  occurred 
in  any  other  place  of  the  verse.  The  other  kinds  of 
verse  in  which  the  (Twacp^ia  exists,  are  Dimeter  Iambics, 
Dactylic  Tetrameters,  and  Dimeter  Anapestics.  The 
credit  of  the  discovery  of  this  peculiarity  is  due  to 
Bentley. 

§  7.  Of  verses  called  Asynartetes  (ao'uvapTii'roi)  or 
those  which  belong  partly  to  one  kind  of  metre  and 
partly  to  another,  there  are  three  kinds. 

1.  The  Archilochian  Heptameier,  consisting  of  two 
numbers,  the  first  being  a  J)rtd///tc  Tetrameter  ^dpriore, 
the  latter  a  Trochaic  Dimeter  Brachy catalectic  ;  as, 

Stilvilur  I  acrls  liy|emsgra|ta  vTre||v6ris  |  et  Fajvonl:  Ithyphallic  _ 

2.  The   Greater  Alcaic,  consisting  of  an  Iambic 


Aci 


part( 
Dae 
alwj 

ter  ( 


iTIie  Uirm  "  d priore''  refers  to  the  verse  being  considered  as 
tak(!n  from  the  former  part  of  a   Dactylic  Hesameter,  (jx  priore 


'■I 


1 


15 

Monometer  HypercatalectiCj  and  a  Dactylic  Dimeter 
Acatalectic ;  as, 

Vides  I  ut  al|ta  j|  8tet  ruve  |  candidum :  Alcaic. 
3.  The  Lesser  Alcaic,  called  also  Pindaric,  con- 
sisting of  a  Dactylic  Dimeter  Acatalectic,  and  a  Tro- 
chaic Monometer  Acatalectic ;  as, 

FlfimTna  I  cdnstTlfi||rInt  ajcuto  :  Pindaric. 

This  kind  of  verse  is  called  also  Lon-oBedicus.i 


parte  versGs  Hexametri)  and  must  always  have  the  fourth  foot  a 
Dactyl.  It  is  opposed  to  the  Tetrameter  a  foster  lore,  which  is 
always  taken  from  the  latter  part  of  a  DartyJic  Hexameter. 

!*•  Appellatio  nide  ducta,  quod  lioc  genus  numeri  medium  in- 
ter poeticam  et  prosam  orationem  videretur.'' 

G.  Hermauu  de  Metria. 


If  ti 
,  If 


f.^. 


as, 


CHAPTER  III 


^i!i: 


§  1.  Having  reviewed  the  several  kinds  of  Hora- 
tian  verse  individually,  I  now  proceed  to  notice  the 
beautiful  variety  they  are  capable  of  in  Carmine;  i.  e. 
in  composition.  For  by  Carmen  we  are  not  to  under- 
stand a  single  verse,  but  a  poem,  whether  it  is  an  Ep- 
igram, Ode,  Episde,  or  any  other  variety  of  metrical 
composition.  When  only  one  kind  of  verse  iseD' 
ployed  throughout  an  Ode,  it  is  called  Monocolos, 
(aovoxwXov)  when  several  kinds,  Polycolos ;  or  more 
precisely,  if  there  are  two  sorts  of  verse  in  an  Ode,  it 
is  stiled  Dicolos ;  if  there  are  three,  Tricolos» 

When  the  Stanza  or  Strophe  is  composed  of  two 
verses,  it  denominates  the  Ode  Distrophos;  (dig  and 
(TTps(r)o})  when  of  three,  Tristrojjhos ;  when  of  lour, 
Titrastrophos;  beyond  which  the  Latin  Stanza  should 
not  go,  Catullus  alone  having  written  one  of  five,  viz. 
'•  JalicE.  ei  Manlii  Epithalamium,'^ 

By  a  complex  use  of  these  terms,  the  Ode  is  Dico- 
los Distrophos,  when  in  a  Stanza,  there  are  two  verses 
ol  different  kinds ;  it  is  Dicolos  Tristrophos  when  the 


n 


VIZ. 


^ 


Sianaa  contains  tiuce  verses,  but  of  only  two  kinds, 
one  kind  of  verse  being  twice  used  ;  Dicolos  Tetras- 
trcphos^  when  the  Stanza  has  four  verses,  but  of  only 
two  kinds,  one  kind  being  used  thrice. 

Again,  the  Ode  is  Tricolos  Tristrophos  when  the 
Stanza  consists  of  three  verses,  all  of  diiierent  kinds; 
and  Tricolor  '/c/'/'rfs/lro^^Ao.?,  when,  in  tlie  Stanza,  there 
arc  four  vorsrs,  hut  of  only  three  kinds,  one  kind  be- 
iniT  used  twice. 

•§»  2.  The  various  forms  in  which  Horace  has  em- 
ployed the  above  metres,  either  separate  or  in  conjunc- 
tion, are  twenty. 

1.  Monocoli)^,  composed  of  the  Anthpastic  Trime- 
ter Acatalectic  throughout ;  as, 

iVraecenas  a|ta\id  ecli|te  regibus. 

2.  Dicolos  Tetrastrophos,  composed  of  three  Cat- 
alectic  Choriamhic  Trimfters  and  one  Chorinmbic 
Monometer  llypercatalectic ;  as, 

Jam  satis  tC'r|rIs  nivls  al|qu<i  dirag. 
Gianr'jriis  nii|sit  pilter,  et  |  rubente. 
r)rx(era  sajcriis  jactilajtas  arces, 
Terrult  urjbem. 

''^.  Dicolos  Distrophos,  composed  of  one  Antispas- 
tic  Dimeter  Acataleciicnm]  one  Antispastic  Trimeter 
Acataleciic ;  as, 

Sic  te  Diva  I  potenHCypri. 
►Sic  fratres  Hejlenae,  lacidja  sidera. 

4.    Dicolos  Distrophos  composed  of  one  Archilo- 

2* 


18 

rhian  Hcpametcr  (Asynartete)  and  one  Iambic  Tri- 
meter Catalectic  ;  as, 

SuIvTiur  I  fuTfs  liJlems  gra|ta  vice  |j  vfiris  |  et'Fajvonf. 
Traliani|que  sicjcus  nia|cliina6  |  earijnas. 

5.  Tricolos  Teti-astrophosj  con\\)osed  o[  Iwo  Acai- 
alictic  Antispastic  Trimeters^  one  Antispasiic  Dime- 
ter Catalectic,  and  one  Antispastic  Dimeter  Acaialtc- 

ilv  ;  as, 

Quis  tnultagra|(;ilis  le  ptiltir  in  rusa 
i'erlusus  li|qutdls  urget  |  oddrlbQs 

Graiu  Pyrrlia  |  sub  antro 
Cal  flavam  r6|lTgdsctjm&tn. 

i).  Dlcalos  Tetrastroyhos,cwi\^ose(iio(  \\\xQe  Acat- 
nlcctic  Antispastic  Trimeters  and  one  Antispastic 
Dimeter  Acatalectic  ;  as, 

S(!riberls  Va]!!!!  furlis  |  fU  bdsiium 
Victor  M(~eu[iili  carnij|n!s  dlni. 
tiiittiH  rCm  riJnqiJe  |  ferux  navT|biis  a  jit  ^quis. 
Miles,  tc  du|o«i,  gesstrlt. 

7.  Dicnios   Di^trophos,  composed  of  one  Dactylic 

Hexameter  Acatalectic,  and  one  Dactylic  Tetrameter 

a  posteriore ;  as, 

Lrlfud«|b«ntaly|I  clrt|rain  Rhudcin,  |  ai/t  MUy  jlen^n. 
Awt  Epbe|s«ni,  bJma|risve  Cojilnthi, 

8.  Dicolos  Distrophos,  composed  of  one  Choriam- 
Lie  Dimeter  Catalectic,  and  one  Chortamlic  Tetra- 
meter Catalectic;  as, 

Lydia  die  I  p6r  dinnea, 
Te  DtGsdjro,  SybSrin  |  c«r  propfres  |  dmdndu. 


'i 


19 


c  Tri- 
If. 

Acat- 
Dime- 
italtc- 


Acat- 
yastic 


tctijUc 
meter 


nam- 
Vetra- 


9.  Tricolos  TetrnsirophoSf  composed  of  two  great- 
er Alcaics  J  (Asynnrtetcs,)  one  Iambic  Dimeter  Hy- 
jjercatalectic,  and  one  lesser  Alcaic,  (Asynartete;)  as, 

Vldtfsj  atdl|ta  II  stet  ni\i  \  cdndldttm. 
S6r<ic|t(J,  nffc  |  jam  ||  silsVtni\dnt  6nQs. 

Sylvne  |  ldl)o|rdntg3  |  g«lti|qu^ 

Tlumina  \  constltJ'||rint  djcwtij. 

iO.  Monocolos,  composed  of  the  Antispastic  Tet- 
rameter Acatalectic  tlirougliout ;  as, 

Tu  x\e  K\imst\iin9  scirg  |  n^fds  quetn  n\l\\n  qFIem  tibi. 

11.  Dicolos  Distrophos,  composed  of  one  Trochaic 
^Dimeter  Catalectic,  and  one  Iambic  Trimeter  Cata- 
Icctic;  as, 

fion  i\[nlr  n^jque  diir?|ftm. 
Mctt  I  r^nijdt't  in  |  ddnio  |  lacfijndr. 

12.  Monocolos,  composed  of  the  Lnic  a  minore 
Tetrameter  Acatalectic  throughout ;  as, 

Mls^idrum  est  |  nf'que  amori  |  ddr^  ludam  In^qftedwlcl. 

13.  Dicolos  Distrophos,  composed  of  one  Dactyl- 
ic 'Hexameter  Acatalectic,  and  one  Dactylic  Dime- 
ter Hypercatalectic ;   as, 

Dlff77[gerc  nijvcs  r<?dc|antjttm  Igrdmlnd  |  cdmpis. 
Arburi'lbusqiio  f6|mae. 

li.  Dicolos  Distrophos,  composed  of  one  Iambic 
Trimeter  Acatalectic,  and  one  Iambic  Dimeter  Acat- 
alectic ;  as, 

Ibis  I  Llbur|nisfn|tgr  d\\\d  na|Yl«ra. 
Arriijcg  pro|p«gi'd|c"«la. 

15.   Tricolos  Tristrophos,  composed  of  one  Dae- 


20 


iylic  Hexameter  AcatakctiCj  one  Iambic  Dimeter 
AcatalcctiCf  and  one  Dactylic  Dimeter  Hypercata- 
Icctic;  as, 

ll(;rrh]S  |  UMnpfsjtd-'  cot^lICirn  c5n|traNlt  et  |  lnil)r»*!i 
Nlv»"'.s|qii«'  (lf'|Ju(unt  I  Ji>v»''in. 
JS'Cinc  rnru<'  |  iiftni;  ^iluliu?. 

16.  Dicolos  Distrophos,  composed  of  one  Dacti/l- 


ic,  and  one  Iambic  Dimeter 


ic  Hexameter  Acatalcct 

Acntahctic;  as, 

Mollis  ijiifiMiif  I  cfir  tfiti|iutn  (l.'f|r(al<^ri>  |  imls. 
OI»lij\i./|in"'iii  .^(''iij.-ilHjs. 

17.  Dicolos  Distrophos,  composed  of  one  Dactyl- 
ic Hexameter  AcataUctic,  and  one  Tamhic  TrimvAer 
Acatalcciic ;  as, 

Altera  |  j«m  ttrijtiir  he\\\\s  rl\\l]ihn>i  \  actfls. 
Siiis  I  et  ipjsci  Rojnvt  v/luhits  |  rmt. 

18.  Monocolos,  conipoGed  of  tlie  Iambic  Trimeter 

Acatahciic  tlirougliout ,  as. 

Jam  jam  ci''Aiva\ri  cl«|rn(7rius  |  sf ienjUat. 

19.  Tricolos  IVistro2)Jins.j  composed  of  one  Iambic 

Trimeter  Acatakctio,  one  Dactylic  Dimeter  Hyper- 

catalectic,  and  one  Iambic  Dimeter  Acatalectic  ;  as, 
PJiti  |iilhil  jiiic  sJlcfa  du\\ta  \  jiivdt. 
Scrjbere  |  v<!rslc»|l(7s. 
Amd|re  perjculsuiii  |  gravi 

20.  Monocolos,  composed  of  the  Dactylic  Hexa- 
meter Acatalectic  throughout :  as, 

Qui  fit  |Macccn|as  iit  Intmo  |  quJm  8)l)f  ]  sdrtem. 


Note. — The  reader  will  notice  Italic  acrcntrd  letters  on  piipcs 
13,19,  !>ntl20,  where  Roman  should  have  been  used. 


1 


A  TABLE 


SHEWING  AT  ONE  VIKW 


TflE  DIFrERENT  METRES  IH  WHICH  JIORACE  HAS  WRITTEN. 


i 

ANTISPASTIC. 

Trim.  Acat. 

-v-jw w  w  —  w  —    Asdepiad, 

Dim.  Acat. 

w|>-^  —  w  — 1  Glijeonic. 

Dim.  Cat.  j '^,  ""' P/ierecratian. 

Tctram.Ct. -^ 

CHORIAMinC. 

-  Alcaic. 

Monom.  Hyporcat.  - 

-  >>-'  -w  —  —     Adonic, 

Dim.  Cat.  —  w  w  — 

■  ^ 1  Jlristophanic. 

Trim.  Cat.  —  -_.  _- 

^-'w  —  w Sapphic. 

1        Tetram.Cat.j~w_- 

"w/    >->  —    v.*    v.^/-  -^^ 

Sapphic, 

IAMBIC. 

Dim.  Acat.  I^-^  —  •^ 

—  ^^  —  w  —   Jirr.hilochian. 

Dim.Hypercat.  »^  — 

|w ^  — 1           Ditto. 

^        Trim.  Acat.  ^  —  -' 

^ 1  ^        Ditto 

• 

'         Trim.  Cat.  w  —  w  - 

^       ^       ^             1  Ditto. 
DACTVLIC. 

Hoxam.Acat. 

-WW                      1            WS_              .^v^ 

-  Heroi* 

Tetram.  Acat.  —  v-  ■ 

w  —  Vw-v v^v^ Ditto. 

Trim.  Cat.  |— n_  w  - 

—  ^-^  ^—  —     Archdochian. 
TROCHAIC. 

Dim.  Cat.   — ^ — ^ 

—  Vw| —    Euripidean. 
IONIC  A  MINORE. 

Ttr'm.Ac.  'w  ^ 

1^^ ^.. 1^^ 

ASYNARTETE. 

•  Stoadic. 

Arch.  Hept.  J —  ^  w 

_ww ww|—  ^  —  ■ 

-  -  -HI 

Greater  Alcaic,  w  — 

.    N«^  __      __    j     —    ^»^     \.^   —    >^     >^    1 

Lesser  Alcaic.  | — ^ 

s^l              W     ^1                W                   ^1 

i\ 


INDEX. 


The  figures  refer  to  the  arrangements  of  the  metres  in 
Stanzas,  as  used  by  Horace — from  page  18  to  21, 
inclusive. 

Q 

•  •  ■  •  •  •  «/ 


-^li  vetusto, 
-^quam  memento, 
Albi  ne  doleas, 
Ahera  jam  teritur, 
Angustam  amici. 
At  O  Deorum, 
Audivere,  Lyce, 
Bacchum  in  remotis, 
Beatus  ille, 
Coelo  supinas, 
Coelo  tonantem, 
Cum  tu,  Lydia, 
Cur  me  querelis, 
Delicta  majorum.. 
Descende  coelo, 
Dianam  tenerae, 
DifFugere  nives, 


9 
6 

17 
9 

14 
5 
9 

14 
9 
9 
3 
9 
9 
9 
5 

13 


2a 


9 
9 
6 

17 
9 

14 
5 
9 

14 
9 
9 
3 
9 
9 
9 
5 

13 


Dive  quem  proles, 
Divis  orte  bonis, 
Donarem  pateras. 
Donee  gratus  eram  tibi, 
Eheu,  fugaces, 
Est  mihi  nonum, 
Et  thure  et  fidibus, 
Exegi  monumentum, 
Extremum  Tanaim, 
Faune  nympharum, 
Festo  quid  potius  die, 
Herculis  ritu, 
Horrida  tempestas. 
Ibis  Liburnis, 
Icci  beatus, 
Il!e  et  nefasto, 
Impios  parrae, 
Inclusam  Danaen, 
Intactis  opulentior. 
Integer  vitae, 
Intermissa  Venus  diu, 
Jam  jam  efBcaci, 
Jam  pauca  aratro, 
Jam  satis  terris, 
Jam  veris  comites, 
Justum  et  tenacem, 
Laudabunt  alii, 
Lupis  et  agnis. 


6 
1 
3 
9 

a 

3 
1 
6 
2 
3 
2 

15 

14 
9 
9 
2 
6 
3 
2 
3 

18 
9 
2 
6 
9 
7 

14 


m 


24 


Lydia  die  per  omnes, 
Mscenas  atavis, 
Mala  soluta, 
Martiis  ccelebs, 
Mater  saeva  Cupidinura, 
Mercuri  facunde, 
Mercuri  nam  te, 
Miserarum  est, 
Mollis  inertia, 
Montium  custos, 
Motum  ex  Metello, 
Musis  amicus, 
Natis  in  usum, 
Ne  forte  credas, 
Ne  sit  ancillae, 
Nolis  longa  ferae, 
Nondum  subacta, 
Non  ebur  neque  aureum, 
Non  semper  iinbres, 
Non  usitata, 
Non  vides  quanto, 
Nox  erat, 

Nullam  Vare  sacra, 
Nullus  argento. 
Nunc  est  bibendum, 
O  crudelis  adliuc, 
O  Diva  gratum, 
O  Fons  Blandusis, 


8 
1 

14 
2 
3 
2 
2 

12 

16 
o 

9 
9 
9 
9 
2 
6 
9 

11 
9 
9 
2 

16 

10 
2 
9 

10 
9 
5 


25 


8 

1 
14 

2 

3 

2 

2 

12 

16 
o 

9 
9 
9 
9 
2 
6 
9 

11 
9 
9 
2 

16 

10 
2 
9 

10 
9 
5 


O  matre  pulchra, 

O  nata  mecum, 

O  navis  referent, 

O  saepe  mecum, 

O  Venus  regina, 

Odi  profanum, 

Otium  Divos, 

Parcius  junctas. 

Parens  Deorum, 

Parentis  olim, 

Pastor  quum  traberet, 

Persicos  odi  puer, 

Petti  nihil  me, 

Phoebe,  silvarumque,         , 

Phoebus  volentem,         , 

Pindarum  quisquis, 

Poscimur  siquid, 

Quae  cura  patrum, 

Qualem  ministrum, 

Quando  repostum. 

Quantum  distet  Rb  Inacho, 

Quern  tu  Melpomene, 

Quetn  virum  aut  heroa, 

Quid  bellicosus, 

Quid  dedicatum, 

Quid  fles  Asterie, 

Quid  immerentes,  , 

Quid  obseratis, 


9 
9 
5 
9 
2 
9 
2 
2 
9 

14 
6 
2 

19 
2 
9 
2 
2 
9 
9 

14 
3 
3 
2 
9 
9 
6 

14 

18 


26 


'Quid  tibi  vis,         ...... 

Quis  desiderio,  .... 

-Quis  miilta  gracilis,         .... 

Quo  me  Bacche,  .         .         .         .         , 

•Quo,  quo  scelesti  ruitis,         .         ,         «         , 
•Rectius  vives,         .         ,         ,         <         « 
•Rogere  longo,      .,..,, 
Scriberis  Vario,         ..... 

Septiaii  Gades,         ..... 

Sic  te,  Diva,         ...... 

Solvitur  acris  hiems,  .  .  ♦         . 

Te  maris  et  terras,         .         ,         ,         .         . 
Tu  ne  quaesieris,         ..... 

Tyrrhena  regum,  .         .         .         .         • 

Ulla  si  juris,         ...... 

Uxor  pauperis  Ibyci,         .... 

Velox  amoenum,         ..... 

Vides  ut  alta,         ..... 

Vile  potabis,         ...... 

Vitas  hinnuleo, 

Vixi  puellis,         ...... 

The  Epistles,  Satires,  and  Epistola  ad  Pisones, 


7 
6 
5 
3 
14 
2 
14 
6 
2 
3 
4 
7 

10 
9 
2 
3 
9 
9 
2 
5 
9 
20 


FINIS. 


5 
3 

14 
2 

14 
6 
2 
3 
4 
7 

10 
9 
2 
3 

9 
2 
5 
9 
20 


